/**
 * @file methods/ann/loss_functions/mean_bias_error.hpp
 * @author Saksham Rastogi
 *
 * Definition of the mean bias error performance function.
 *
 * mlpack is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the
 * terms of the 3-clause BSD license.  You should have received a copy of the
 * 3-clause BSD license along with mlpack.  If not, see
 * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause for more information.
 */
#ifndef MLPACK_METHODS_ANN_LOSS_FUNCTION_MEAN_BIAS_ERROR_HPP
#define MLPACK_METHODS_ANN_LOSS_FUNCTION_MEAN_BIAS_ERROR_HPP

#include <mlpack/prereqs.hpp>

namespace mlpack {

/**
 * The mean bias error performance function measures the network's performance
 * according to the mean of errors.
 *
 * @tparam MatType Matrix representation to accept as input and use for
 *    computation.
 */
template<typename MatType = arma::mat>
class MeanBiasErrorType
{
 public:
  /**
   * Create the MeanBiasErrorType object.
   *
   * @param reduction Specifies the reduction to apply to
   *                  the output. If false, 'mean' reduction 
   *                  is used, where sum of the output will
   *                  be divided by the number of elements
   *                  in the output. If true, 'sum' reduction
   *                  is used and the output will be summed.
   *                  It is set to true by default.
   */
  MeanBiasErrorType(const bool reduction = true);

  /**
   * Computes the mean bias error function.
   *
   * @param prediction Predictions used for evaluating the specified loss
   *     function.
   * @param target The target vector.
   */
  typename MatType::elem_type Forward(const MatType& prediction,
                                      const MatType& target);

  /**
   * Ordinary feed backward pass of a neural network.
   *
   * @param prediction Predictions used for evaluating the specified loss
   *     function.
   * @param target The target vector.
   * @param loss The calculated error.
   */
  void Backward(const MatType& prediction,
                const MatType& target,
                MatType& loss);

  //! Get the reduction type, represented as boolean
  //! (false 'mean' reduction, true 'sum' reduction).
  bool Reduction() const {return reduction; }
  //! Modify the type of reduction used.
  bool& Reduction() {return reduction; }

  /**
   * Serialize the layer.
   */
  template<typename Archive>
  void serialize(Archive& ar, const uint32_t /* version */);

 private:
  //! Boolean value that tells if reduction is 'sum' or 'mean'.
  bool reduction;
}; // class MeanBiasErrorType

// Default typedef for typical `arma::mat` usage.
typedef MeanBiasErrorType<arma::mat> MeanBiasError;

} // namespace mlpack

// Include implementation.
#include "mean_bias_error_impl.hpp"

#endif
