# WebServicesTool

- `Download example`

A PyObjC Example without documentation

## Sources

### Main.py

    import sys

    import AppKit

    # import classes required to start application
    import WSTApplicationDelegateClass  # noqa F401
    import WSTConnectionWindowControllerClass  # noqa F401

    # pass control to the AppKit
    sys.exit(AppKit.NSApplicationMain(sys.argv))

### WSTApplicationDelegateClass.py

    """
    WSTApplicationDelegateClass

    An instance of this class is instantiated in the MainMenu.nib default NIB file.
    """
    import objc
    from Cocoa import NSObject
    from WSTConnectionWindowControllerClass import WSTConnectionWindowController

    class WSTApplicationDelegate(NSObject):
        @objc.IBAction
        def newConnectionAction_(self, sender):
            """Action method fired when the user selects the 'new connection'
            menu item.  Note that the WSTConnectionWindowControllerClass is
            defined the first time this method is invoked.

            This kind of lazy evaluation is generally recommended;  it speeds
            app launch time and it ensures that cycles aren't wasted loading
            functionality that will never be used.

            (In this case, it is largely moot due to the implementation of
            applicationDidFinishLaunching_().
            """
            WSTConnectionWindowController.connectionWindowController().showWindow_(sender)

        def applicationDidFinishLaunching_(self, aNotification):
            """Create and display a new connection window"""
            self.newConnectionAction_(None)

### WSTConnectionWindowControllerClass.py

    """
    Instances of WSTConnectionWindowController are the controlling object
    for the document windows for the Web Services Tool application.

    Implements a standard toolbar.
    """

    import string
    import sys
    import traceback
    import types
    from threading import Thread

    import Cocoa

    # Note about multi-threading.
    # Although WST does its network stuff in a background thread, with Python 2.2
    # there are still moments where the app appears to hang briefly. This should
    # only be noticeable when your DNS is slow-ish. The hang is caused by the
    # socket.getaddrinfo() function, which is used (indirectly) when connecting
    # to a server, which is a frequent operation when using xmlrpclib (it makes
    # a new connection for each request). Up to (and including) version 2.3b1,
    # Python would not grant time to other threads while blocking inside
    # getaddrinfo(). This has been fixed *after* 2.3b1 was released. (jvr)
    import objc

    try:
        from Queue import Queue
    except ImportError:
        from queue import Queue

    try:
        from xmlrpclib import ServerProxy
    except ImportError:
        from xmlrpc.client import ServerProxy

    kWSTReloadContentsToolbarItemIdentifier = "WST: Reload Contents Toolbar Identifier"
    """Identifier for 'reload contents' toolbar item."""

    kWSTPreferencesToolbarItemIdentifier = "WST: Preferences Toolbar Identifier"
    """Identifier for 'preferences' toolbar item."""

    kWSTUrlTextFieldToolbarItemIdentifier = "WST: URL Textfield Toolbar Identifier"
    """Idnetifier for URL text field toolbar item."""

    def addToolbarItem(
        aController,
        anIdentifier,
        aLabel,
        aPaletteLabel,
        aToolTip,
        aTarget,
        anAction,
        anItemContent,
        aMenu,
    ):
        """
        Adds an freshly created item to the toolbar defined by
        aController.  Makes a number of assumptions about the
        implementation of aController.  It should be refactored into a
        generically useful toolbar management utility.
        """
        toolbarItem = Cocoa.NSToolbarItem.alloc().initWithItemIdentifier_(anIdentifier)

        toolbarItem.setLabel_(aLabel)
        toolbarItem.setPaletteLabel_(aPaletteLabel)
        toolbarItem.setToolTip_(aToolTip)
        toolbarItem.setTarget_(aTarget)
        if anAction:
            toolbarItem.setAction_(anAction)

        if isinstance(anItemContent, Cocoa.NSImage):
            toolbarItem.setImage_(anItemContent)
        else:
            toolbarItem.setView_(anItemContent)
            bounds = anItemContent.bounds()
            minSize = (100, bounds[1][1])
            maxSize = (1000, bounds[1][1])
            toolbarItem.setMinSize_(minSize)
            toolbarItem.setMaxSize_(maxSize)

        if aMenu:
            menuItem = Cocoa.NSMenuItem.alloc().init()
            menuItem.setSubmenu_(aMenu)
            menuItem.setTitle_(aMenu.title())
            toolbarItem.setMenuFormRepresentation_(menuItem)

        aController._toolbarItems[anIdentifier] = toolbarItem

    class WorkerThread(Thread):
        def __init__(self):
            """Create a worker thread. Start it by calling the start() method."""
            self.queue = Queue()
            Thread.__init__(self)

        def stop(self):
            """Stop the thread a.s.a.p., meaning whenever the currently running
            job is finished."""
            self.working = 0
            self.queue.put(None)

        def scheduleWork(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
            """Schedule some work to be done in the worker thread."""
            self.queue.put((func, args, kwargs))

        def run(self):
            """Fetch work from a queue, block when there's nothing to do.
            This method is called by Thread, don't call it yourself."""
            self.working = 1
            while self.working:
                work = self.queue.get()
                if work is None or not self.working:
                    break
                func, args, kwargs = work
                pool = Cocoa.NSAutoreleasePool.alloc().init()  # noqa: F841
                try:
                    func(*args, **kwargs)
                finally:
                    # delete all local references; if they are the last refs they
                    # may invoke autoreleases, which should then end up in our pool
                    del func, args, kwargs, work
                    del pool

    class WSTConnectionWindowController(Cocoa.NSWindowController):
        methodDescriptionTextView = objc.IBOutlet()
        methodsTable = objc.IBOutlet()
        progressIndicator = objc.IBOutlet()
        statusTextField = objc.IBOutlet()
        urlTextField = objc.IBOutlet()

        __slots__ = (
            "_toolbarItems",
            "_toolbarDefaultItemIdentifiers",
            "_toolbarAllowedItemIdentifiers",
            "_methods",
            "_methodSignatures",
            "_methodDescriptions",
            "_server",
            "_methodPrefix",
            "_workQueue",
            "_working",
            "_workerThread",
            "_windowIsClosing",
        )

        @classmethod
        def connectionWindowController(self):
            """
            Create and return a default connection window instance.
            """
            return WSTConnectionWindowController.alloc().init()

        def init(self):
            """
            Designated initializer.

            Returns self (as per ObjC designated initializer definition,
            unlike Python's __init__() method).
            """
            self = self.initWithWindowNibName_("WSTConnection")

            self._toolbarItems = {}
            self._toolbarDefaultItemIdentifiers = []
            self._toolbarAllowedItemIdentifiers = []

            self._methods = []
            self._working = 0
            self._windowIsClosing = 0
            self._workerThread = WorkerThread()
            self._workerThread.start()
            return self

        def awakeFromNib(self):
            """
            Invoked when the NIB file is loaded.  Initializes the various
            UI widgets.
            """
            self.retain()  # balanced by autorelease() in windowWillClose_

            self.statusTextField.setStringValue_("No host specified.")
            self.progressIndicator.setStyle_(Cocoa.NSProgressIndicatorSpinningStyle)
            self.progressIndicator.setDisplayedWhenStopped_(False)

            self.createToolbar()

        def windowWillClose_(self, aNotification):
            """
            Clean up when the document window is closed.
            """
            # We must stop the worker thread and wait until it actually finishes before
            # we can allow the window to close. Weird stuff happens if we simply let the
            # thread run. When this thread is idle (blocking in queue.get()) there is
            # no problem and we can almost instantly close the window. If it's actually
            # in the middle of working it may take a couple of seconds, as we can't
            # _force_ the thread to stop: we have to ask it to to stop itself.
            self._windowIsClosing = 1  # try to stop the thread a.s.a.p.
            self._workerThread.stop()  # signal the thread that there is no more work to do
            self._workerThread.join()  # wait until it finishes
            self.autorelease()

        def createToolbar(self):
            """
            Creates and configures the toolbar to be used by the window.
            """
            toolbar = Cocoa.NSToolbar.alloc().initWithIdentifier_("WST Connection Window")
            toolbar.setDelegate_(self)
            toolbar.setAllowsUserCustomization_(True)
            toolbar.setAutosavesConfiguration_(True)

            self.createToolbarItems()

            self.window().setToolbar_(toolbar)

            lastURL = Cocoa.NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().stringForKey_("LastURL")
            if lastURL and len(lastURL):
                self.urlTextField.setStringValue_(lastURL)

        def createToolbarItems(self):
            """
            Creates all of the toolbar items that can be made available in
            the toolbar.  The actual set of available toolbar items is
            determined by other mechanisms (user defaults, for example).
            """
            addToolbarItem(
                self,
                kWSTReloadContentsToolbarItemIdentifier,
                "Reload",
                "Reload",
                "Reload Contents",
                None,
                "reloadVisibleData:",
                Cocoa.NSImage.imageNamed_("Reload"),
                None,
            )
            addToolbarItem(
                self,
                kWSTPreferencesToolbarItemIdentifier,
                "Preferences",
                "Preferences",
                "Show Preferences",
                None,
                "orderFrontPreferences:",
                Cocoa.NSImage.imageNamed_("Preferences"),
                None,
            )
            addToolbarItem(
                self,
                kWSTUrlTextFieldToolbarItemIdentifier,
                "URL",
                "URL",
                "Server URL",
                None,
                None,
                self.urlTextField,
                None,
            )

            self._toolbarDefaultItemIdentifiers = [
                kWSTReloadContentsToolbarItemIdentifier,
                kWSTUrlTextFieldToolbarItemIdentifier,
                Cocoa.NSToolbarSeparatorItemIdentifier,
                Cocoa.NSToolbarCustomizeToolbarItemIdentifier,
            ]

            self._toolbarAllowedItemIdentifiers = [
                kWSTReloadContentsToolbarItemIdentifier,
                kWSTUrlTextFieldToolbarItemIdentifier,
                Cocoa.NSToolbarSeparatorItemIdentifier,
                Cocoa.NSToolbarSpaceItemIdentifier,
                Cocoa.NSToolbarFlexibleSpaceItemIdentifier,
                Cocoa.NSToolbarPrintItemIdentifier,
                kWSTPreferencesToolbarItemIdentifier,
                Cocoa.NSToolbarCustomizeToolbarItemIdentifier,
            ]

        def toolbarDefaultItemIdentifiers_(self, anIdentifier):
            """
            Return an array of toolbar item identifiers that identify the
            set, in order, of items that should be displayed on the
            default toolbar.
            """
            return self._toolbarDefaultItemIdentifiers

        def toolbarAllowedItemIdentifiers_(self, anIdentifier):
            """
            Return an array of toolbar items that may be used in the toolbar.
            """
            return self._toolbarAllowedItemIdentifiers

        def toolbar_itemForItemIdentifier_willBeInsertedIntoToolbar_(
            self, toolbar, itemIdentifier, flag
        ):
            """
            Delegate method fired when the toolbar is about to insert an
            item into the toolbar.  Item is identified by itemIdentifier.

            Effectively makes a copy of the cached reference instance of
            the toolbar item identified by itemIdentifier.
            """
            newItem = Cocoa.NSToolbarItem.alloc().initWithItemIdentifier_(itemIdentifier)
            item = self._toolbarItems[itemIdentifier]

            newItem.setLabel_(item.label())
            newItem.setPaletteLabel_(item.paletteLabel())
            if item.view():
                newItem.setView_(item.view())
            else:
                newItem.setImage_(item.image())

            newItem.setToolTip_(item.toolTip())
            newItem.setTarget_(item.target())
            newItem.setAction_(item.action())
            newItem.setMenuFormRepresentation_(item.menuFormRepresentation())

            if newItem.view():
                newItem.setMinSize_(item.minSize())
                newItem.setMaxSize_(item.maxSize())

            return newItem

        def setStatusTextFieldMessage_(self, aMessage):
            """
            Sets the contents of the statusTextField to aMessage and
            forces the fileld's contents to be redisplayed.
            """
            if not aMessage:
                aMessage = "Displaying information about %d methods." % len(self._methods)
            # All UI calls should be directed to the main thread
            self.statusTextField.performSelectorOnMainThread_withObject_waitUntilDone_(
                "setStringValue:", aMessage, 0
            )

        def reloadData(self):
            """Tell the main thread to update the table view."""
            self.methodsTable.performSelectorOnMainThread_withObject_waitUntilDone_(
                "reloadData", None, 0
            )

        def startWorking(self):
            """Signal the UI there's work going on."""
            if not self._working:
                self.progressIndicator.startAnimation_(self)
            self._working += 1

        def stopWorking(self):
            """Signal the UI that the work is done."""
            self._working -= 1
            if not self._working:
                self.progressIndicator.performSelectorOnMainThread_withObject_waitUntilDone_(
                    "stopAnimation:", self, 0
                )

        @objc.IBAction
        def reloadVisibleData_(self, sender):
            """
            Reloads the list of methods and their signatures from the
            XML-RPC server specified in the urlTextField.  Displays
            appropriate error messages, if necessary.
            """
            if self._working:
                # don't start a new job while there's an unfinished one
                return
            url = self.urlTextField.stringValue()
            self._methods = []
            self._methodSignatures = {}
            self._methodDescriptions = {}

            if not url:
                self.window().setTitle_("Untitled.")
                self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_("No URL specified.")
                return

            self.window().setTitle_(url)
            Cocoa.NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().setObject_forKey_(url, "LastURL")

            self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_("Retrieving method list...")
            self.startWorking()
            self._workerThread.scheduleWork(self.getMethods, url)

        @objc.python_method
        def getMethods(self, url):
            self._server = ServerProxy(url)
            pool = (
                Cocoa.NSAutoreleasePool.alloc().init()
            )  # use an extra pool to get rid of intermediates
            try:
                self._methods = self._server.listMethods()
                self._methodPrefix = ""
            except:  # noqa: E722, B001
                try:
                    self._methods = self._server.system.listMethods()
                    self._methodPrefix = "system."
                except:  # noqa: E722, B001
                    self._server = None
                    self._methodPrefix = None
                    self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_(
                        "Server failed to respond to listMethods query.  "
                        "See below for more information."
                    )

                    exceptionType, exceptionValue, exceptionTraceback = sys.exc_info()
                    self.methodDescriptionTextView.performSelectorOnMainThread_withObject_waitUntilDone_(  # noqa: B950
                        "setString:",
                        "Exception information\n\nType: %s\n\nValue: %s\n\nTraceback:\n\n %s\n"
                        % (
                            exceptionType,
                            exceptionValue,
                            "\n".join(traceback.format_tb(exceptionTraceback)),
                        ),
                        0,
                    )
                    self.stopWorking()
                    return

            del pool
            if self._windowIsClosing:
                return

            self._methods.sort()
            self.reloadData()
            self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_(
                "Retrieving information about %d methods." % len(self._methods)
            )

            index = 0
            for aMethod in self._methods:
                if self._windowIsClosing:
                    return
                pool = (
                    Cocoa.NSAutoreleasePool.alloc().init()
                )  # use an extra pool to get rid of intermediates
                index = index + 1
                if not (index % 5):
                    self.reloadData()
                self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_(
                    "Retrieving signature for method %s (%d of %d)."
                    % (aMethod, index, len(self._methods))
                )
                del pool
                methodSignature = getattr(
                    self._server, self._methodPrefix + "methodSignature"
                )(aMethod)
                signatures = None
                if isinstance(methodSignature, str):
                    continue
                if not len(methodSignature):
                    continue

                for aSignature in methodSignature:
                    if (type(aSignature) == types.ListType) and (  # noqa: E721
                        len(aSignature) > 0
                    ):
                        signature = "{} {}({})".format(
                            aSignature[0],
                            aMethod,
                            string.join(aSignature[1:], ", "),
                        )
                    else:
                        signature = aSignature
                if signatures:
                    signatures = signatures + ", " + signature
                else:
                    signatures = signature
                self._methodSignatures[aMethod] = signatures
            self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_(None)
            self.reloadData()
            self.stopWorking()

        def tableViewSelectionDidChange_(self, sender):
            """
            When the user selects a remote method, this method displays
            the documentation for that method as returned by the XML-RPC
            server.  If the method's documentation has been previously
            queried, the documentation will be retrieved from a cache.
            """
            selectedRow = self.methodsTable.selectedRow()
            selectedMethod = self._methods[selectedRow]

            if selectedMethod not in self._methodDescriptions:
                self._methodDescriptions[
                    selectedMethod
                ] = "<description is being retrieved>"
                self.startWorking()

                def work():
                    self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_(
                        "Retrieving signature for method %s..." % selectedMethod
                    )
                    methodDescription = getattr(
                        self._server, self._methodPrefix + "methodHelp"
                    )(selectedMethod)
                    if not methodDescription:
                        methodDescription = "No description available."
                    self._methodDescriptions[selectedMethod] = methodDescription
                    if selectedRow == self.methodsTable.selectedRow():
                        self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_(None)
                        self.methodDescriptionTextView.setString_(methodDescription)
                    self.stopWorking()

                self._workerThread.scheduleWork(work)
            else:
                self.setStatusTextFieldMessage_(None)
            methodDescription = self._methodDescriptions[selectedMethod]
            self.methodDescriptionTextView.setString_(methodDescription)

        def numberOfRowsInTableView_(self, aTableView):
            """
            Returns the number of methods found on the server.
            """
            return len(self._methods)

        def tableView_objectValueForTableColumn_row_(
            self, aTableView, aTableColumn, rowIndex
        ):
            """
            Returns either the raw method name or the method signature,
            depending on if a signature had been found on the server.
            """
            aMethod = self._methods[rowIndex]
            if aMethod in self._methodSignatures:
                return self._methodSignatures[aMethod]
            else:
                return aMethod

        def tableView_shouldEditTableColumn_row_(self, aTableView, aTableColumn, rowIndex):
            # don't allow editing of any cells
            return 0

### setup.py

    """
    Script for building the example.

    Usage:
        python3 setup.py py2app
    """
    from setuptools import setup

    setup(
        app=["Main.py"],
        data_files=["English.lproj", "Preferences.png", "Reload.png", "WST.png"],
        options={
            "py2app": {
                "iconfile": "WST.icns",
                "plist": {"CFBundleName": "Web Services Tool"},
            }
        },
        setup_requires=["py2app", "pyobjc-framework-Cocoa"],
    )