std::stof,std::stod,std::stold(3)

NAME
std::stof,std::stod,std::stold - std::stof,std::stod,std::stold

Synopsis
   Defined in header <string>
   float stof( const std::string& str, std::size_t* pos = nullptr ); (1) (since C++11)
   float stof( const std::wstring& str, std::size_t* pos = nullptr );
   double stod( const std::string& str, std::size_t* pos = nullptr );
   double stod( const std::wstring& str, std::size_t* pos = nullptr (2) (since C++11)
   );
   long double stold( const std::string& str, std::size_t* pos =
   nullptr ); (3) (since C++11)
   long double stold( const std::wstring& str, std::size_t* pos =
   nullptr );
   Interprets a floating point value in a string str.
   1) calls std::strtof(str.c_str(), &ptr) or std::wcstof(str.c_str(), &ptr)
   2) calls std::strtod(str.c_str(), &ptr) or std::wcstod(str.c_str(), &ptr)
   3) calls std::strtold(str.c_str(), &ptr) or std::wcstold(str.c_str(), &ptr)
   Function discards any whitespace characters (as determined by std::isspace()) until
   first non-whitespace character is found. Then it takes as many characters as
   possible to form a valid floating-point representation and converts them to a
   floating-point value. The valid floating-point value can be one of the following:
     * decimal floating-point expression. It consists of the following parts:
              * (optional) plus or minus sign
              * nonempty sequence of decimal digits optionally containing decimal-point
                character (as determined by the current C locale) (defines significand)
              * (optional) e or E followed with optional minus or plus sign and
                nonempty sequence of decimal digits (defines exponent to base 10)
     * hexadecimal floating-point expression. It consists of the following parts:
              * (optional) plus or minus sign
              * 0x or 0X
              * nonempty sequence of hexadecimal digits optionally containing a
                decimal-point character (as determined by the current C locale)
                (defines significand)
              * (optional) p or P followed with optional minus or plus sign and
                nonempty sequence of decimal digits (defines exponent to base 2)
     * infinity expression. It consists of the following parts:
              * (optional) plus or minus sign
              * INF or INFINITY ignoring case
     * not-a-number expression. It consists of the following parts:
              * (optional) plus or minus sign
              * NAN or NAN(char_sequence) ignoring case of the NAN part. char_sequence
                can only contain digits, Latin letters, and underscores. The result is
                a quiet NaN floating-point value.
     * any other expression that may be accepted by the currently installed C locale
   If pos is not a null pointer, then a pointer ptr, internal to the conversion
   functions, will receive the address of the first unconverted character in
   str.c_str(), and the index of that character will be calculated and stored in *pos,
   giving the number of characters that were processed by the conversion.

Parameters
   str - the string to convert
   pos - address of an integer to store the number of characters processed

Return value
   The string converted to the specified floating point type.

Exceptions
   std::invalid_argument if no conversion could be performed
   std::out_of_range if the converted value would fall out of the range of the result
   type or if the underlying function (strtof, strtod or strtold) sets errno to ERANGE.
  Defect reports
   The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to
   previously published C++ standards.
      DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior
   LWG 2403 C++11 stof called std::strtod or std::wcstod stof calls std::strtof or
                        std::wcstof

See also
   stoi
   stol
   stoll converts a string to a signed integer
   (C++11) (function)
   (C++11)
   (C++11)
   stoul
   stoull converts a string to an unsigned integer
   (C++11) (function)
   (C++11)
   from_chars converts a character sequence to an integer or floating-point value
   (C++17) (function)